Vaccines aren’t just for kids. Protection from some childhood vaccines fades over time, new vaccines have been developed for adults, and our risk of serious infections rises with age and certain health conditions. This checklist can help you start a conversation with your doctor or pharmacist about which vaccines you may need.
A note on changing guidance: U.S. federal vaccine recommendations have changed several times since 2025, and some changes have been challenged in court. In 2026, a federal court order kept earlier recommendations in place while the case continues. Medical groups such as the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) also publish their own recommendations. Because guidance may change, check with your doctor or pharmacist about what’s recommended for you.
Vaccines for most adults
- Flu: every year, ideally in early fall. Read about the flu shot.
- COVID-19: recommendations have changed in recent years. See current COVID-19 vaccine recommendations.
- Tdap/Td: one dose of Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and whooping cough) if you didn’t get it as a teen, then a Td or Tdap booster every 10 years. Tdap is also recommended during each pregnancy.
Based on age
- Shingles (ages 50+): two doses. Read about the shingles vaccine.
- Pneumococcal (ages 50+): to help prevent pneumonia and other serious infections. See pneumococcal vaccines.
- RSV (ages 75+, or 50 to 74 with risk factors): a single dose. Learn about RSV in adults.
- Hepatitis B (ages 19 to 59, and 60+ with risk factors): a series of 2 to 4 doses depending on the vaccine.
- HPV (through age 26): some adults 27 to 45 may benefit after talking with their doctor.
If you didn’t get them as a child
- MMR (measles, mumps, rubella): adults born in 1957 or later who don’t have evidence of immunity. Read why measles vaccination still matters.
- Chickenpox (varicella): adults without evidence of immunity.
Based on health conditions or other factors
Your doctor may recommend additional vaccines or earlier doses if you:
- Have a weakened immune system
- Have chronic heart, lung, liver or kidney disease, or diabetes
- Are pregnant or planning a pregnancy
- Work in healthcare or other high-exposure jobs
- Are traveling internationally
Examples include hepatitis A, meningococcal, Hib and travel vaccines.
How to check your records
- Ask your doctor’s office or pharmacy for your vaccination history.
- Check your state’s immunization information system, which many states allow you to access online.
- Look for old records from schools, the military or previous employers.
- If records can’t be found, your doctor can help decide whether to vaccinate or check immunity with a blood test.
What this means for you
Bring this checklist to your next checkup or pharmacy visit. Many vaccines can be given at the same visit, and most are covered by insurance, including Medicare. Keeping a personal vaccination record makes future decisions easier.
The bottom line
Adults need vaccines too. Depending on your age, health and history, that may include flu, COVID-19, Tdap, shingles, pneumococcal, RSV, hepatitis B and others. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about what’s right for you.
Common questions
Can I get several vaccines at once?
Yes. Most adult vaccines can be given at the same visit. Your provider may suggest spacing some out based on your preferences or side effects.
Are vaccines safe for older adults?
Yes. Vaccines are tested for safety and are especially important for older adults, who face higher risks from infections.
This article is for general information and isn’t medical advice. Talk with your healthcare provider about your individual needs.
